glp-1 and potassium glp-1_analogs [TUSOM GLP-1 Agonist: The Good, the

Catalpol reduces apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation by activating the expression of SIRT1 (He, 2022) and inhibiting the ROS/NF-B signaling pathway (Wu et al., 2024b), thereby alleviating endothelial injury induced by homocysteine and playing a pivotal role in the development of atherosclerosis

Although metformin is the mainstay of initial therapy, treatment with a glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist is now regularly used as an add-on approach to achieve proper glycemic control

Nausea and gastrointestinal side effects can also trigger secondary anxiety if they are severe or unexpected

doi: 10.1002/ijc.33588 14 World Health Organization