Methods: We employed keywords such as TCM, TM, Botanical drug, HACE, and Hypoxia to systematically retrieve studies on the therapeutic use of TCM and TM for HACE published up to May 2025, in databases including Web of Science, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Data
parkeri peptidoglycan remodeling via a cysteine requirement of periplasmic proteins such as autolysins, or via a specific role for cysteine in regulating autolysin gene expression, which will require further investigation
The nanocomplexes exhibited a narrow size distribution, with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.191, and a negative zeta potential of 19.26 mV, indicating reasonable colloidal stability
Subsequent studies also examining data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FDA AERS) reported an increase in reporting rates of PDAC cases in GLP-1RA users over a broader study period 33,34