After they expire, theres a higher risk of contamination because the preservative might not be as effective over time
Dang, J., Zhang, L., Wang, Q., Mei, L., Yue, H., Liu, Z., Shao, Y., Gao, Q., & Tao, Y
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution Access options Access Nature and 54 other Nature Portfolio journals Get Nature+, our best-value online-access subscription $32.99 / 30 days cancel any time Subscribe to this journal Receive 52 print issues and online access $199.00 per year only $3.83 per issue Buy this article Purchase on SpringerLink Instant access to the full article PDF
Important caveat: injectable and IV NAD+ are not FDA-approved (nor approved by any major regulator) for energy, metabolic or longevity uses, and their safety and efficacy for these marketed uses are not established