Think about this hormone as a food thermostat in your gut, said Dan Azagury, MD, medical director of Stanfords Lifestyle and Weight Management Center
We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase from inception through April 2025 using the terms GLP-1 receptor agonists, GLP-1RAs, neurodegeneration, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, ALS, mechanisms, clinical trials, and biomarkers. Studies were included if they were English-language, peer-reviewed, and focused on central nervous system effects
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In humans, high levels of Clostridia vadinBB60 have also been associated with low Escherichia-Shigella [48]