Increased leptin concentrations associated with increased body fat mass have been documented in childhood obesity, and leptin has also been shown to respond to weight loss, thus suggesting a possible biomarker role for leptin in obesity and obesity treatments [96, 97]
The functions of the BBB and BCB include: protection of the brain from pathogens and toxic metabolites, the separation of the brain and periphery neurotransmitter pools, intake of essential nutrients and discharge of metabolites, and maintaining the immune privilege of the brain, where the immune activity is mainly accomplished by internal microglia rather than, e.g., bone marrow or thymus-derived immune cells (Galea et al., 2007
An increase in the prevalence of thyroid autoantibodies (ATAs) was reported 6-8 yr after the Chernobyl accident in radiation-exposed children and adolescents (34a)
Nikkari ST, Visto AL, Mtt KM, Kunnas TA