doi: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00011
Oral: Rare for peptides due to gastrointestinal degradation
For carnitine supplementation to change fatty acid transport and buffering capability within the muscle mitochondria, it would be necessary to increase muscle carnitine concentration

DOI: Published online: July 24, 2025 1 Institute of Medical Research, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 2 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Correspondence to Seok-Woo Hong, PhD Institute of Medical Research, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Korea Email: [email protected] Won-Young Lee, MD Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Korea Email: [email protected] *Jinmi Lee and Eun-Jung Rhee contributed equally to this work as co-first authors