In contrast, for patients with advanced-stage cancer with metastases, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy as neoadjuvant therapy may be used before surgery, which is adjuvant therapy [187, 188]
As summarized in Table 1, key genes involved in bile acid metabolismsuch as FXR, SHP, and ASBTare regulated by specific microbial population like Firmicutes, Lactobacillus , and Bacteroides , influencing bile acid reabsorption and enterohepatic circulation
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20 Examples include a monochlorinated BODIPY-based ratiometric fluorescent sensor developed by Niu and co-workers, 21 a bis -spiropyran ligand developed for cellular imaging, 22 a quantum-dot-based off-on fluorescent probe 23 and cyanine-based fluorescent probes reported by Yin et al