What is already known on this topic During development of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) receptor agonists, studies in rodents showed increased rates of thyroid tumours Subsequent reports based on pharmacovigilance data, post hoc analyses of randomised trials, and findings from observational studies indicate a potential link between GLP1 receptor agonists and thyroid cancer, although not conclusively What this study adds This cohort study used nationwide register data from Sweden, Denmark, and Norway to investigate the risk of thyroid cancer among patients treated with GLP1 receptor agonists Over a mean follow-up of 3.9 years, GLP1 receptor agonist treatment was not associated with a substantially increased risk of thyroid cancer compared with dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors, and in an additional analysis, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors Although small risk increases cannot be excluded, in the main analysis comparing GLP1 receptor agonists with DPP4 inhibitors, the upper limit of the confidence interval was consistent with no more than a 31% increase in relative risk Ethics statements Ethical approval The study was approved by the Regional Ethics Committee in Stockholm, Sweden, and the Regional Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics (REC Central), Norway
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 111 , E12111220, doi:10.1073/pnas.1321347111 (2014)
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