Hammond and colleagues found increased rates of e-cigarette use among adolescents in Canada, the US, and the UK (from 2017 to 2018) but increased rates of combustible cigarette smoking only among Canadian adolescents, which, as per the authors conclusions, suggests that e-cigarette use may not be causally related to increased smoking uptake.[3] E-cigarettes may indeed be a gateway to combustible cigarette smoking, and this is a valid concern, but there is not yet enough evidence to state a conclusive causal association
6 E-cigarette vapor does not contain the cancer-causing toxins in cigarette smoke that kill people (i.e., TSNAs or PAHs)
A uniform ban on their sale to under-18s across all retail channels is not yet fully established
The cheapest cigarettes, though, may be found in Moldova, Ukraine and Belarus (0.57, 0.90 and 1 a packet, respectively)