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Some e-liquids are nicotine-free , while others use nicotine salts for a smoother throat hit

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and Babatunde Olugboji, deputy program director

They collected aerosols from these brands using two methods and found the total concentrations of metals varied, ranging from 43 to 3,138 micrograms per liter with the impinger method of collection and 226 to 6,767 micrograms per liter with the cold trap method. When batteries with more power are used in these tank-style e-cigarettes, their atomizing units can heat to temperatures greater than 300 C, which could produce harmful byproducts, said Prue Talbot, a professor of cell biology, who led the research team