These findings indicate that environmental exposure, such as exposure to cigarette smoke, modulates disease risk and progression through intricate interactions with genetic factors such as GPR15, thereby influencing disease susceptibility and phenotype
Studies on the role of 222 Rn and its progeny as a cause of lung cancer have demonstrated a synergetic effect with tobacco smoke, with efforts to reduce in-house 222 Rn beneficiating more to smokers 16,17,18
Ingredients in fake cigarettes vary depending on the type
Besides, exposure to tobacco smokeboth active and passive exposure to traditional cigarettesduring pregnancy can cause negative maternal and neonatal outcomes, such as infertility, low birth weight, preterm birth, antepartum and intrapartum stillbirth and perinatal birth [13]